Lot  529 Ravenel Spring Auction 2013 Hong Kong

Ravenel Spring Auction 2013 Hong Kong

Nature hivernale

CHU Teh-chun (Chinese-French, 1920 - 2014)

1987-1988

Oil on canvas

130 x 97 cm

Estimate

TWD 34,615,000-46,154,000

HKD 9,000,000-12,000,000

USD 1,156,800-1,542,400

Sold Price

TWD 67,076,923

HKD 17,440,000

USD 2,247,423


Signature

Signed lower right CHU TEH-CHUN in French and in Chinese
Signed CHU TEH-CHUN in French and in Chinese, titled on the reverse Nature hivernale and dated 1987-88
PROVENANCE:
PROVENANCE:
Galerie Arlette Gimaray, Paris
Private collection, Asia

EXHIBITED:
CHU Teh-chun, 88 Retrospective, National Museum of History, Taipei, September 19 to November 23, 2008

ILLUSTRATED:
CHU Teh-chun, 88 Retrospective, National Museum of History, Taipei, Thin Chang Corporation, Taipei, 2008, color illustrated, p. 145

+ OVERVIEW

On a flight to Geneva in 1985, Chu was deeply impressed by the sight of the Alps: the snow-covered mountain peaks, the hovering clouds and milky mists, the sheer whiteness of the entire landscape. White fog, white snow, white frost - all white, but all representing very distinct, individual shades, full of variety and subtle transitions. The scenery below him struck a chord within Chu's artistic soul, bringing to his mind the imagery of Tang poetry. On his return trip by train, he encountered a spectacular Alpine blizzard, and this became the inspiration and starting point for his phenomenal Snow Scenes Series.

The great Tang poet Li Po wrote the line "In the bitter cold, the snow keeps falling like a giant hand smothering the snowcovered ground" to describe the stirring sight of heavy snowfall. Tu Fu, another famous Tang poet, declaimed, "Under the low lying clouds, the snowflakes dance merrily in the wind". While it is certainly true that one can find numerous phrases and lines in classical Chinese poetry that vividly convey the beauty of snowscapes, the focus of classical Chinese painting - as revealed in a number of renowned winter paintings - is generally on portraying the tranquil magnificence of nature after a bout of snowfall. But what touched Chu Teh-chun's heart was not this kind of quiet serenity; it was the blustering, howling, constantly metamorphosing splendor of wildly flying snowflakes tossed about by the storm. As his painter friend Wu Guanzhong once pointed out, "Movement is a very important element in Chu Teh-chun's compositions. Each of his paintings is a symphony of harmonic motions. Or rather, he manages to channel even the roughest and most violent force into a calm sort of beauty that soothes rather than excites."

Chu himself admits that he likes to listen to classical music while he paints, and that the rhythm and melodies of the music are imperceptibly transferred onto the canvas as undulating lines and shades of color.

Chu is a great admirer of Tang and Song poetry, and his favorite diversions are reading in The Complete Tang Shi or The Collected Song Ci, as well as writing calligraphy and painting in the classical style. The fresh vigor of the Tang Dynasty and the refined elegance of the Song Dynasty mark two distinct highpoints in the history of Chinese art. In Chu's view the greatness of Tang and Song art derives largely from the fact that in those days, painters were in direct contact with nature, and that all their art was born out of this immediate experience of the natural environment. Interestingly, the evident importance of natural subjects in Tang and Song shanshui painting finds an echo in the development of modern Western painting, with some schools placing an increasing emphasis on carefully observing nature before proceeding to evolve distinct techniques, concepts and methods of expression. Against this backdrop, it is not surprising that the French poet and art critic Jean-François Chabrun once described Chu Teh-chun as a "Twentieth Century Song Painter" (Peintre Song du XXe siècle), highlighting the fact that Chu, while firmly rooted in the classical Chinese tradition, is also very much at home in the modern art movement with its special focus on individual creativity and originality.

Chu's concept of painting was deeply influenced by the art of the three Song painters Fan Kuan, Kuo Hsi and Li Tang, but even before he came to admire and learn from their work, he had already been inspired by modern Western masters such as Paul Cézanne (1839-1906) and Nicolas de Staël (1914-1955) to find his own way in the world of painting. These diverse stimulations soon led him to reappraise the spirit of traditional Chinese ink and wash painting and calligraphy, and gain a renewed understanding of the classical Chinese concept that "painting and calligraphy originate from the same source". Quite unexpectedly, it turned out that the training he had received in these disciplines as a young man stood him in good stead in developing his skills as a modern painter. Another source of inspiration for Chu were the Dutch master Rembrandt van Rijn's (1606-1669) delicate treatment of light and dark, a fact that is very evident in the dramatic play of light, and the fluctuating light sources, that can be witnessed in Chu's emotionally expressive abstract paintings. The mature Chu adroitly applies modern painting techniques to classical Chinese themes and motifs, thus creating a unique blend of Western and Eastern artistic qualities. As Chu Ko put it, "Chu is a master who has used oil painting to express the spirit of Chinese ink-wash painting...Chu Teh-chun not only uses oil paint but also uses the line, depth of shading, and color effects in space in order to better express the flavor of ink-wash painting. One cannot but admire such achievement."

(Chu Ko, 'Flourishing Billows of Clouds – An Examination of the Significance of Chu Teh-chun's Art', Chu Tehchun, King Ling Art Center, Taipei, August 1989, p. 9 & p. 11)

For a painter like Chu, who fuses the spirit of traditional Chinese culture with modern oil painting, it is particularly important to heed the ancient advice for painters that "one learns from nature, but creates from the heart". In his early years in Hangzhou, Chu came under the influence of Lin Fengmian and other leaders of the New Wave Art Movement, and during this period he experimented widely with both ink and wash and oil painting. Already in these early student works his talent became quickly apparent. Always eager to further hone his skills, Chu would frequently invite Wu Guanzhong for trips to the environs where they would sketch and paint from life. After coming to Taiwan, Chu loved to take his students to quiet spots of scenic beauty, and quite a few sketches of exquisite mountain vistas resulted from these excursions as proof of Chu's fascination with, and passion for, beautiful natural scenery. Chu once told the art critic Joseph Paul Schneider (1940-1998), "Nature will forever remain my mother." Schneider, when contemplating Chu's later work (after the mid-1980s), notes how Chu's inspiration is ever more closely derived from nature: "...From the mineralogical structures of the deep earth awakened by the power of light in some of his works, some recent paintings suggesting the 'Presence of Winter', then through tempest and chaos, or through works inspired by 'peaceful morning hours' or the colors of autumn, to the exploration of that fire smouldering amid his 'inhabited structures', from the level of the horizon to the ascending lines, the nourishing light is present everywhere, concentrated or diffuse. Born of melting matter, flashing from a single focus or subtly dispersed among the outlines, light ignores all boundaries. It is that fire which builds up the world and counteracts the power of darkness; it is the victorious weapon in a mysterious and pathetic dialogue...."

(Joseph Paul Schneider, translated by Helene Joussein from Du Donnerstag, April 2, 1987, Luxembourg)

Related Info

Modern & Contemporary Art

Ravenel Spring Auction 2013 Hong Kong

Sunday, May 26, 2013, 6:30pm